Foundational characteristics of cancer include proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, evasion of apoptosis, and cellular immortality. Find key markers for these cellular processes and antibodies to detect them.
The SUMOplot™ Analysis Program predicts and scores sumoylation sites in your protein. SUMOylation is a post-translational modification involved in various cellular processes, such as nuclear-cytosolic transport, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, protein stability, response to stress, and progression through the cell cycle.
The Autophagy Receptor Motif Plotter predicts and scores autophagy receptor binding sites in your protein. Identifying proteins connected to this pathway is critical to understanding the role of autophagy in physiological as well as pathological processes such as development, differentiation, neurodegenerative diseases, stress, infection, and cancer.COVID-19 Cytokine Storm Pathway
Activated monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) contribute to the COVID-19 cytokine storm by releasing massive amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines. CCL , CC- chemokine ligand; CXCL10, CXC- chemokine ligand 10; ISG, interferon- stimulated gene; ITAM, immunoreceptor tyrosine- based activation motif; TRAM, TRIF- related adaptor molecule. Monocytes differentiate into pro-inflammatory macrophages though activation of Janus kinase (JAK)–signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways. Activated natural killer (NK) cells and T cells further promote the recruitment and activation of monocyte-derived macrophages through the production of granulocyte–macrophage colony- stimulating factor (GM- CSF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon-γ (IFNγ). Oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) accumulate in infected lungs and activate MDMs through the Toll- like receptor 4 (TLR4)–TRAF6–NF-κB pathway. Virus sensing can trigger TLR7 activation through viral single-stranded RNA recognition. Type-I INF might induce the expression of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) entry receptors (ACE2, CD147), enabling the virus to access the macrophage cytoplasm and activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to the secretion of IL-1β and/or IL-18. The engagement of Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) by anti-spike protein IgG immune complexes can contribute to increased inflammatory activation of MDMs.
