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POLG Antibody (C-term)
Affinity Purified Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody (Pab)
- SPECIFICATION
- CITATIONS
- PROTOCOLS
- BACKGROUND
Application 
| IF, FC, WB, IHC-P, E |
|---|---|
| Primary Accession | P54098 |
| Other Accession | Q9QYV8, P54099, NP_001119603.1, NP_002684.1 |
| Reactivity | Human, Mouse |
| Predicted | Rat |
| Host | Rabbit |
| Clonality | Polyclonal |
| Isotype | Rabbit IgG |
| Calculated MW | 139562 Da |
| Antigen Region | 1120-1148 aa |
| Gene ID | 5428 |
|---|---|
| Other Names | DNA polymerase subunit gamma-1, Mitochondrial DNA polymerase catalytic subunit, PolG-alpha, POLG, MDP1, POLG1, POLGA |
| Target/Specificity | This POLG antibody is generated from rabbits immunized with a KLH conjugated synthetic peptide between 1120-1148 amino acids from the C-terminal region of human POLG. |
| Dilution | IF~~1:10~50 WB~~1:1000 IHC-P~~1:10~50 FC~~1:10~50 |
| Format | Purified polyclonal antibody supplied in PBS with 0.09% (W/V) sodium azide. This antibody is purified through a protein A column, followed by peptide affinity purification. |
| Storage | Maintain refrigerated at 2-8°C for up to 2 weeks. For long term storage store at -20°C in small aliquots to prevent freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Precautions | POLG Antibody (C-term) is for research use only and not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. |
| Name | POLG {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10827171, ECO:0000312|HGNC:HGNC:9179} |
|---|---|
| Function | Catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase gamma solely responsible for replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Replicates both heavy and light strands of the circular mtDNA genome using a single-stranded DNA template, RNA primers and the four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates (PubMed:9558343, PubMed:11477093, PubMed:19837034, PubMed:11897778, PubMed:15917273). Has 5' -> 3' polymerase activity. Functionally interacts with TWNK and SSBP1 at the replication fork to form a highly processive replisome, where TWNK unwinds the double- stranded DNA template prior to replication and SSBP1 covers the parental heavy strand to enable continuous replication of the entire mitochondrial genome. A single nucleotide incorporation cycle includes binding of the incoming nucleotide at the insertion site, a phosphodiester bond formation reaction that extends the 3'-end of the primer DNA, and translocation of the primer terminus to the post- insertion site. After completing replication of a mtDNA strand, mediates 3' -> 5' exonucleolytic degradation at the nick to enable proper ligation (PubMed:9558343, PubMed:11477093, PubMed:15167897, PubMed:26095671, PubMed:19837034, PubMed:11897778, PubMed:15917273). Highly accurate due to high nucleotide selectivity and 3' -> 5' exonucleolytic proofreading. Proficiently corrects base substitutions, single-base additions and deletions in non-repetitive sequences and short repeats, but displays lower proofreading activity when replicating longer homopolymeric stretches. Exerts exonuclease activity toward single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA containing 3'- terminal mispairs. When a misincorporation occurs, transitions from replication to a pro-nucleolytic editing mode and removes the missincorporated nucleoside in the exonuclease active site. Proceeds via an SN2 nucleolytic mechanism in which Asp-198 catalyzes phosphodiester bond hydrolysis and Glu-200 stabilizes the leaving group. As a result the primer strand becomes one nucleotide shorter and is positioned in the post-insertion site, ready to resume DNA synthesis (PubMed:10827171, PubMed:11477094, PubMed:11504725, PubMed:37202477). Exerts 5'-deoxyribose phosphate (dRP) lyase activity and mediates repair-associated mtDNA synthesis (gap filling) in base-excision repair pathway. Catalyzes the release of the 5'-terminal 2-deoxyribose-5- phosphate sugar moiety from incised apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites to produce a substrate for DNA ligase. The dRP lyase reaction does not require divalent metal ions and likely proceeds via a Schiff base intermediate in a beta-elimination reaction mechanism (PubMed:9770471). |
| Cellular Location | Mitochondrion. Mitochondrion matrix, mitochondrion nucleoid |
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Background
Mitochondrial DNA polymerase is heterotrimeric, consisting of a homodimer of accessory subunits plus a catalytic subunit. The protein encoded by this gene is the catalytic subunit of mitochondrial DNA polymerase. The encoded protein contains a polyglutamine tract near its N-terminus that may be polymorphic. Defects in this gene are a cause of progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions 1 (PEOA1), sensory ataxic neuropathy dysarthria and ophthalmoparesis (SANDO), Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome (AHS), and mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy syndrome (MNGIE). Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
References
Tong, Z.B., et al. Fertil. Steril. 94(7):2932-2934(2010)
Stewart, J.D., et al. Hepatology 52(5):1791-1796(2010)
Batabyal, D., et al. J. Biol. Chem. 285(44):34191-34201(2010)
Wang, W., et al. Nucleic Acids Res. (2010) In press :
Briggs, F.B., et al. Am. J. Epidemiol. 172(2):217-224(2010)
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