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VISA Antibody
- SPECIFICATION
- CITATIONS
- PROTOCOLS
- BACKGROUND
Application 
| WB, IHC-P, IF, E |
|---|---|
| Primary Accession | Q7Z434 |
| Other Accession | NP_065797, 83776598 |
| Reactivity | Human, Mouse, Rat |
| Host | Rabbit |
| Clonality | Polyclonal |
| Isotype | IgG |
| Calculated MW | 56528 Da |
| Application Notes | VISA antibody can be used for detection of VISA by Western blot at 0.5 - 2 µg/mL. Antibody can also be used for immunohistochemistry starting at 5 µg/mL. For immunofluorescence start at 20 µg/mL. |
| Gene ID | 57506 |
|---|---|
| Other Names | VISA Antibody: IPS1, VISA, IPS-1, CARDIF, IPS1, KIAA1271, Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein, CARD adapter inducing interferon beta, MAVS, mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein |
| Target/Specificity | MAVS; |
| Reconstitution & Storage | VISA antibody can be stored at 4℃ for three months and -20℃, stable for up to one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures. |
| Precautions | VISA Antibody is for research use only and not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. |
| Name | MAVS {ECO:0000303|PubMed:16125763, ECO:0000312|HGNC:HGNC:29233} |
|---|---|
| Function | Adapter required for innate immune defense against viruses (PubMed:16125763, PubMed:16127453, PubMed:16153868, PubMed:16177806, PubMed:19631370, PubMed:20127681, PubMed:20451243, PubMed:21170385, PubMed:23087404, PubMed:27992402, PubMed:33139700, PubMed:37582970). Acts downstream of DHX33, RIGI and IFIH1/MDA5, which detect intracellular dsRNA produced during viral replication, to coordinate pathways leading to the activation of NF-kappa-B, IRF3 and IRF7, and to the subsequent induction of antiviral cytokines such as IFNB and RANTES (CCL5) (PubMed:16125763, PubMed:16127453, PubMed:16153868, PubMed:16177806, PubMed:19631370, PubMed:20127681, PubMed:20451243, PubMed:20628368, PubMed:21170385, PubMed:23087404, PubMed:25636800, PubMed:27736772, PubMed:33110251). Peroxisomal and mitochondrial MAVS act sequentially to create an antiviral cellular state (PubMed:20451243). Upon viral infection, peroxisomal MAVS induces the rapid interferon-independent expression of defense factors that provide short-term protection, whereas mitochondrial MAVS activates an interferon-dependent signaling pathway with delayed kinetics, which amplifies and stabilizes the antiviral response (PubMed:20451243). May activate the same pathways following detection of extracellular dsRNA by TLR3 (PubMed:16153868). May protect cells from apoptosis (PubMed:16125763). Involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation by mediating NLRP3 recruitment to mitochondria (PubMed:23582325). |
| Cellular Location | Mitochondrion outer membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. Mitochondrion. Peroxisome |
| Tissue Location | Present in T-cells, monocytes, epithelial cells and hepatocytes (at protein level). Ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels in heart, skeletal muscle, liver, placenta and peripheral blood leukocytes. |
Thousands of laboratories across the world have published research that depended on the performance of antibodies from Abcepta to advance their research. Check out links to articles that cite our products in major peer-reviewed journals, organized by research category.
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Provided below are standard protocols that you may find useful for product applications.
Background
VISA Antibody: Two distinct signaling pathways activate the host innate immunity against viral infection. One pathway is reliant on members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family while the other uses the RNA helicase RIG-I as a receptor for intracellular viral double-stranded RNA as a trigger for the immune response. VISA is a mitochondrial membrane protein that was identified as a critical component in the IFN-b signaling pathways that recruits IRF-3 to RIG-I, leading to its activation and that of NF-κB. VISA is also thought to interact with other components of the innate immune pathway such as the TLR adapter protein TRIF, TRAF2 and TRAF6. VISA also interacts with the IKKα, IKKβ and IKKε kinases through its C-terminal region. Cleavage of this region by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease allows HCV to escape the host immune system. At least three isoforms of VISA are known to exist.
References
Seth RB, Sun L, and Chen ZJ. Antiviral innate immunity pathways. Cell Res.2006; 16:141-7.
Xu LG, Wang YY, Han KJ, et al. VISA is an adapter protein required for virus-triggered IFN-beta signaling. Mol. Cell2005; 19:727-40.
Meylan E, Curran J, Hofman K, et al. Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus. Nature2005; 1167-72.
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