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MIC-A
- SPECIFICATION
- CITATIONS
- PROTOCOLS
- BACKGROUND
| Primary Accession | Q29983 |
|---|---|
| Species | Human |
| Sequence | Glu24-Asp255 (Thr47Ala, Cys59Tyr, Lys148Glu, Met152Val, Lys196Glu, Gly229Ser, Trp233Arg, Thr236Ile, Ser238Thr) |
| Purity | > 95% as analyzed by SDS-PAGE > 95% as analyzed by HPLC |
| Endotoxin Level | < 1 EU/ µg of protein by LAL method |
| Biological Activity | Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The specific activity is determined by binding MICA antibody in ELISA. |
| Expression System | E. coli |
| Theoretical Molecular Weight | 32.8 kDa |
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered concentrated solution in PBS, pH 7.4. |
| Reconstitution | It is recommended that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute the lyophilized powder in sterile distilled water or aqueous buffer containing 0.1 % BSA to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. |
| Storage & Stability | Upon receiving, this product remains stable for up to 6 months at -20°C or -70°C. Upon reconstitution, the product should be stable for up to 1 week at 2-8°C or up to 3 months at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Gene ID | 100507436 |
|---|---|
| Other Names | MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A, MIC-A, MICA {ECO:0000312|EMBL:CAI41907.1} |
| Target Background | MIC-A (MHC class I chain-related gene A) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that functions as a ligand for human NKG2D. A closely related protein, MICB, shares 85% amino acid identity with MICA. These proteins are distantly related to the MHC class I proteins. They possess three extracellular Ig-like domains, but they have no capacity to bind peptide or interact with ß2-microglobulin. The genes encoding these proteins are found within the Major Histocompatibility Complex on human chromosome 6. The MICA locus is highly polymorphic with more than 50 recognized human alleles. MICA is absent from most cells but is frequently expressed in epithelial tumors and can be induced by bacterial and viral infections. MICA is a ligand for human NKG2D, an activating receptor expressed on NK cells, NKT cells, γδ T cells, and CD8+ αβT cells. Recognition of MICA by NKG2D results in the activation of cytolytic activity and/or cytokine production by these effector cells. MICA recognition is involved in tumor surveillance, viral infections, and autoimmune diseases. |
| Name | MICA {ECO:0000312|EMBL:CAI41907.1} |
|---|---|
| Function | Widely expressed membrane-bound protein which acts as a ligand to stimulate an activating receptor KLRK1/NKG2D, expressed on the surface of essentially all human natural killer (NK), gammadelta T and CD8 alphabeta T-cells (PubMed:11491531, PubMed:11777960). Up- regulated in stressed conditions, such as viral and bacterial infections or DNA damage response, serves as signal of cellular stress, and engagement of KLRK1/NKG2D by MICA triggers NK-cells resulting in a range of immune effector functions, such as cytotoxicity and cytokine production (PubMed:10426993). |
| Cellular Location | Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cytoplasm Note=Expressed on the cell surface in gastric epithelium, endothelial cells and fibroblasts and in the cytoplasm in keratinocytes and monocytes. Infection with human adenovirus 5 suppresses cell surface expression due to the adenoviral E3-19K protein which causes retention in the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| Tissue Location | Widely expressed with the exception of the central nervous system where it is absent. Expressed predominantly in gastric epithelium and also in monocytes, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and in the outer layer of Hassal's corpuscles within the medulla of normal thymus. In skin, expressed mainly in the keratin layers, basal cells, ducts and follicles. Also expressed in many, but not all, epithelial tumors of lung, breast, kidney, ovary, prostate and colon. In thyomas, overexpressed in cortical and medullar epithelial cells. Tumors expressing MICA display increased levels of gamma delta T-cells. |
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Cat# PVGS1087
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